Analisis Morfologi Pinus (Pinus merkusii) di Hutan Lindung Desa Parsingguran Kecamatan Pollung Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan

Abstract

Pine trees belonging to the Pinaceae family have a wide distribution from the Northern to Southern hemispheres and include almost 120 species. Tropical pine, known as Tusam, is the only type of pine that is distributed in Southeast Asia, such as Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia and Indonesia. Pines that grow natively in Sumatra were first discovered by a German botanist, Dr. F. R. Junghuhn in the Sipirok area in 1841, divided into three lines or strains, namely: Aceh, Kerinci, and Tapanuli. This research was carried out with the aim of identifying the morphology of pine (Pinus merkusii) found in the Protected Forest of Parsingguran Village, Pollung District, Humbang Hasundutan Regency. This research was conducted in one of the protected forest areas managed by a forest farmer group with an area of 172 ha and consisting of 110 ha of pine stands and 60 ha of degraded land. This research uses the grid line method by creating plots measuring 20 x 20 m which is a combination of the strip and double plot methods. The sampling intensity used in this research was 5%. The determination of sample plots was carried out deliberately (purposive sampling). In this study, 401 Aceh strain pine trees and 233 Tapanuli strain pine trees were found. Based on morphological analysis, the Aceh strain of pine has a rougher bark structure, deeper grooves, longer leaves and shorter fruit than the Tapanuli strain of pine. The Tapanuli strain of pine has a taller, slimmer and straighter trunk shape than the Aceh strain of pine. The health condition of the pines in the Parsingguran Protected Forest is in classes 2 and 3 which are categorized as unhealthy canopy characteristics.