Efektivitas Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.)) Terhadap Kejadian Karsinoma Sel Skuamosa Rongga Mulut (KSSRM) yang diinjeksi 200 μg Dimethylbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA) pada Mukosa Bukal Tikus Galur Wistar.

Abstract

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is an invasive neoplasm that attacks the epithelial tissue of the oral cavity with varying degrees of differentiation and can occur in all parts of the oral cavity such as the floor of the mouth, tongue, buccal mucosa, and gingiva. This carcinoma is often preceded by epithelial dysplasia as a precancerous change. Gotu kola leaves (Centella asiatica (L.)), have pharmacological activity as an anti-cancer agent. The use of this herbal medicine is believed to induce cell death by promoting apoptosis and disrupting the cell cycle, aiming to treat cancer cells with minimal side effects. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of administering an ethanol extract of gotu kola leaves (Centella asiatica (L.)) against the occurrence of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) induced by Dimethylbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA) injection for 4 weeks. This research is a type of laboratory experimental research with the research sample used being 18 Wistar strain white rats (Rattus novergicus) divided into 2 groups. Each group received different treatments, group 1 was given an ethanol extract of gotu kola leaves and 200 µg DMBA injections three times per week and group 2 was given DMBA injections three times per week. Measurement of the severity of carcinoma occurrence using broders classification and the 2017 WHO score was used to see the severity of dysplasia occurrence. The results of measuring the severity of dysplasia were statistically analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. The results of the study showed the effectiveness of administering gotu kola leaf extract (Centella asiatica (L.)) at a dose of 750 mg/KgBW against the occurrence of dysplasia. The group that was not given the extract showed higher measurement results of the severity of dysplasia occurrence.