Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian TB Paru pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus di Rumah Sakit Haji Adam Malik Tahun 2024

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) are both health problems. Their bidirectional relationship has been widely demonstrated, and is more prominent in Southeast Asian countries. The increasing burden of TB and DM makes this relationship a challenge for TB control. The prevention and control of tuberculosis (TB) in Indonesia, which aims to achieve TB elimination by 2030, is part of Indonesia's commitment to achieving sustainable development goals. The aim of the study was to determine the factors associated with the incidence of pulmonary TB in DM patients at the Haji Adam Malik Hospital. Methods: analytics with case-control research design. The sampling technique was purposive sampling and used a sample of 110 people using a 1:1 sample ratio for the case group and the control group. The data source in this study is secondary data from the patient's medical record data. Data analysis with chi square test Results: The results showed that the factors associated with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with Diabetes Mellitus were age (p-value=0.047; OR=2.935) gender (p-value=0.046; OR=3.097), education (p-value=0.008; OR=3. 308), occupation (p-value=0.004; OR=3.398), BMI (p-value=0.040; OR=4.781), smoking (p-value=0.000; OR=13.617), HbA1C level (p-value=<0.001; OR= 19.843), Based on the results of multivariate analysis, the most influential factors are smoking (p-value = 0.000; OR = 13.617) and HbAIc (p-value = 0.000; OR = 12.250). Conclusion: this study is necessary to educate Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients to obediently take TB medication to avoid drug resistance and education for Diabetes Mellitus patients to maintain diet, exercise regularly, comply with DM treatment, and regularly check blood glucose so that blood glucose levels remain normal and education to quit smoking.