| dc.description.abstract | The development of natural science has given birth to various products in the world of cosmetics, for example facial cleansing. Facial cleansing is a beauty product made from surfactants and active ingredients to cleanse the face from dirt. One of the active ingredients contained in facial cleansing is niacinamide. Niacinamide is an active ingredient in the form of a hydrophilic compound that is difficult to penetrate the skin and a lipolytic compound that is not easily absorbed by the skin so that the use of niacinamide on facial skin is often ineffective, even though there are many benefits of using niacinamide on the skin. Therefore, modifications need to be made so that the active ingredients in facial cleansing provide the maximum possible effect on the face. One way is by the process of encapsulating active ingredients using nanoparticles. Chitosan is a natural polysaccharide that has been widely used as an encapsulating material because of its biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this study, facial cleansing was made using active ingredients that had been encapsulated by chitosan-NaTPP nanoparticles. This study aims to formulate facial cleansing preparations from encapsulation of active ingredients with concentrations of 10%, 12%, and 14%. The study began with the manufacture of chitosan-NaTPP nanoparticles, the encapsulation process of active ingredients, particle size characterization with PSA, physical stability test, and antibacterial activity test as a facial cleanser. The results of the PSA test showed that chitosan-NaTPP nanoparticles and encapsulation of active ingredients each had an average particle size of 71,37 nm and 15,41141 µm. The results of the physical stability test showed that all facial cleansing preparations from encapsulation of active ingredients from chitosan nanoparticles had met the requirements of SNI 16-4380-1996 concerning facial cleansers. The results of the antibacterial activity test against Stapyhlococcus epidermidis bacteria showed that the facial cleansing preparations had the ability to inhibit bacterial growth, namely 10% strong encapsulation of active ingredients, 12% very strong, and 14% very strong. | en_US |
