Sistem Pengisian Baterai Pada Pembangkit Pikohidro Menggunakan MPPT dan Pengosongan Baterai Menggunakan Buck Boost Converter

Abstract

Pico-hydro power generation is a renewable and environmentally friendly energy solution that utilizes small water flows. However, the main challenge in this system is the optimal management and storage of energy, especially during the dry season when water flow is low. This study aims to design an efficient battery charging system using MPPT and battery discharging using a buck boost converter. MPPT functions to optimize battery charging, preventing overcharging and undervoltage, while the buck boost converter regulates the battery’s output voltage to the load.This research utilizes a Pelton turbine with variations in nozzle size and blade count to optimize generator power output. The results show that the maximum power generated is 9,907 W with a voltage of 39.63 V and a current of 0.250 A. The system with dual turbines, using a 5 mm nozzle and 20 blades, achieved the fastest estimated battery charging time of 13 hours and 53 minutes. Nozzle size and blade count significantly affect system efficiency, with smaller nozzles and more blades generating higher voltage. The combination of MPPT and a buck boost converter effectively enhances battery charging efficiency.