Optimasi Ekstraksi Minyak Atsiri dengan Box-Behnken Design (BBD) dan Uji Aktivitas Antidiabetes Umbi Cyperus rotundus L. Secara In Vitro

Abstract

Background: tubers of rumput teki (Cyperus rotundus L.) are invasive weeds whose it’s potential has not been optimally utilized. It is known that tubers of rumput teki have essential oils that can have potential in diabetes therapy through inhibition of the α-glucosidase enzyme. To produce optimal extraction and provide the best effect, optimization of essential oil extraction with Box-Behnken Design from this plant was carried out and then continued with the α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition activity test. Objective: This study aims to determine the optimum conditions for extracting essential oil from tubers of rumput teki and to determine the effect of optimization results on α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition. Methods: The extraction process uses Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation method with Stahl set and optimization of extraction conditions using Response Surface Methodology method with Box-Behnken Design modeling. The variables used are microwave power, solvent-material ratio, and extraction time with the optimized response being essential oil yield and total phenol content measured by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Furthermore, activity testing was carried out in vitro with the α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition method measured by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Results: The optimum extraction results were obtained at 600 watts of power, solvent-material ratio of 7:1, and time of 56.304 minutes. The test results of the optimized sample obtained IC50 171.9571 µg/mL, has a higher activity than the acarbose with IC50 277.4328 µg/mL. Conclusion: The optimum results of sample extraction conditions obtained, provide higher activity than akarbose against α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition