Akurasi Gabungan Pemeriksaan Carbohydrate Antigen 242 (CA242) Dengan Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Sebagai Prediktor Diagnosis Pada Pasien Kanker Kolorektal Di RS Adam Malik

Abstract

Introduction: This study is driven by the increasing prevalence of colorectal cancer and the need for rapid, non-invasive, and accurate diagnostic methods. Carbohydrate antigen 242 (CA242) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a tumor marker with the potential to serve as a diagnostic predictor for colorectal cancer. Methodology: An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted. The study included 58 subjects, comprising 29 colorectal cancer patients and 29 control subjects. Both groups underwent CA242 and CEA testing using the ELISA method at RS Adam Malik. Data analysis involved non-parametric tests, 2x2 contingency tables, and ROC curve analysis to determine the optimal cut-off value for CA242. Results: At a CA242 cut-off value ≥ 14.250 mg/dL, 18 colorectal cancer cases and 5 control cases were observed. The sensitivity was 68.21%, specificity 62.86%, positive predictive value 74.57%, negative predictive value 78.57%, and overall accuracy was 72.19%. At a CEA cut-off value ≥5.0 mg/dL, 19 colorectal cancer cases and 7 control cases were observed. The sensitivity was 69.25%, specificity 79.75%, positive predictive value 76.98%, negative predictive value 71.90%, and overall accuracy was 74.25% Additionally, the combination of CA242 and CEA improved both sensitivity and specificity, sensitivity was 72.45% and spesitivity was 81.75%, and overall accuracy was 79.65%. Conclusion: The findings indicate that combined CA242 and CEA examination achieves an accuracy of 79.65% as a diagnostic predictor for colorectal cancer at RS Adam Malik. Further studies to combined another marker with CA242 is recommended to validate and strengthen these findings.