Penilaian Hubungan Kebutuhan Perawatan Ortodonti Maloklusi Kelas I dengan Kualitas Hidup Siswa SMPN 30 Medan

Abstract

Untreated malocclusion can lead to various negative impacts on the oral cavity, such as chewing difficulties, trouble with verbal communication, discomfort, and a decreased quality of life. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between orthodontic treatment needs and quality of life in students with Class I malocclusion at SMPN 30 Medan using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need – Aesthetic Component (IOTN AC), Dental Health Component (IOTN DHC), and the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). This study employs a cross-sectional design by evaluating IOTN DHC, IOTN AC, and OHIP-14. Data were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation test to evaluate the relationship between variables. The study results show that based on IOTN AC, 92.3% were in the “little or no need” category, 3.8% in the “borderline need” category, and 3.8% in the “great need” category. Based on IOTN DHC, 80.8% of the students were in the “little or no need” category, 11.5% in the “borderline need” category, and 7.7% in the “great need” category. The distribution of students’ quality of life based on OHIP-14 showed that 90.38% were in the “good” category and 9.62% in the “moderate” category. The analysis results indicate a very weak, positive, and non-significant correlation between IOTN AC and OHIP-14. Meanwhile, the analysis also shows a weak, positive and significant correlation was found between IOTN DHC and OHIP-14 (p=0.036), indicating that a higher orthodontic treatment need based on dental health aspects was associated with a lower quality of life. The need for orthodontic treatment assessed using IOTN DHC has a greater impact on quality of life compared to IOTN AC, which focuses more on aesthetic aspects. This suggests that functional issues due to malocclusion have a more significant impact than aesthetic concerns alone.