Analisis Semiotika Ornamen Dan Kaligrafi (khaṭ) Pada Masjid Al-Munawwarah Indrapura

Abstract

This study discusses the ornaments and calligraphy at the Al-Munawwarah Mosque in Indrapura through a semiotic approach pioneered by Ferdinand De Saussure, namely signifier and signified with a combination of Ogden and Richards' meaning analysis, namely, Symbol, Reference, Referent. In analyzing calligraphy, researchers use the calligraphy concept put forward by Jamaluddin and the concept of Malay Ornaments proposed by Prawoto and Al-Mudra. This research is a field research (Field Research) using a descriptive analysis method with library research (Library Research). Data collection techniques are carried out in three ways, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the Al-Munawwarah Mosque in Indrapura has a meaning in semiotics, namely: 1) In terms of signifier or symbol, Brass ornaments are placed to decorate the pulpit and brass calligraphy is located on the foundation pillars in the Mosque. 2) In terms of signified or reference, Salembayung ornaments mean prosperity and peace and the calligraphy of the syahadatain means testimony to the oneness of Allah and affirms that the prophet Muhammad is His Messenger. 3) In terms of reference, it refers to the salembayung ornaments and the calligraphy of the Suluts script that reads the sentence of the syahadatain. Two types of ornaments were found, namely geometric ornaments (arabesque) and Malay ornaments. Geometric ornaments were found as many as 127 pieces and Malay ornaments as many as 139 pieces. researchers found 4 types of geometric ornaments, 2 namely geometric square basic patterns, 46 circle basic patterns, 68 pentagon basic patterns, 11 and octagonal/polygonal basic patterns. While malay ornaments, there are 16 types of motifs, namely:31 pucuk rebung motif, 4 salembayung motif, 8 awan laran, 2 semut beriring, 9 lebah gantung, 1 lilit kangkung, 2 kaluk pakis, 10 ombak-ombak motif, 4 terpeut roof motif, 9 sunflower motif, 40 ricih wajid motif, 3 Jala-Jala motif, 4 jasmine flower motif, 5 melur flower motif, 1 sket siku kaluang padu motif, 6 mandala flower motif. A total of 148 calligraphy were found, with 4 types of khaṭ in the Al-Munawwarah Mosque in Indrapura, namely 4 Khaṭ Kufi, 137 Khaṭ Ṡulutṡ, 1 Khaṭ Diwani, 6 Khaṭ Naskhi. All geometric ornaments and Malay ornaments are interconnected, giving off a modern impression that has the meaning of the majority muslim malay community. All the calligraphy used in the Mosque is easy to read, has the meaning of monotheism and glorifies the Mosque.