Analisis Kandungan Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) dan Kualitas Keamanan Pangan pada Kerang Darah (Anadara sp.) dan Kerang Bulu (Anadara sp.) di Perairan Tanjung Balai, Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Lead metal is a recurring issue resulting from industrial development, increasing urbanization, population density, and the utilization of coastal areas for transportation, residential, and tourism purposes. Heavy metals are among the most common pollutants that accumulate in aquatic biota, impacting their physiological functions even at low contamination levels. Blood cockles (Anadara granosa) and Antique Ark Cockle (Anadara sp.) are popular seafood products in Tanjung Balai Asahan, where the consumption rate is high, making these cockles a primary protein source for the local community. Addressing heavy metal contamination is critical, as high consumption levels can negatively affect public health.This study employed a descriptive method with data collected through observation, and the results were compared to the maximum heavy metal limits set by the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) No. 7387 of 2009. Samples were obtained from the waters of Tanjung Balai and tested for lead metal content in the Fisheries and Marine Chemistry Laboratory at the University of Riau (UNRI) using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).The analysis of Pb content in blood cockles (Anadara granosa) showed variations based on size. Small-sized cockles had the highest Pb concentration at 0.079 mg/kg, the lowest at 0.075 mg/kg, with an average of 0.076 mg/kg. Medium-sized cockles recorded a maximum of 0.015 mg/kg, a minimum of 0.014 mg/kg, with an average of 0.014 mg/kg. Large-sized cockles had the highest Pb concentration at 0.034 mg/kg, the lowest at 0.032 mg/kg, with an average of 0.032 mg/kg. Keywords: Antique Ark Cockle, Blood Cockle, Lead, Consumption Limit, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer