Analisis Kadar Fenol Total dan Aktivitas Antioksidan dari Beberapa Ekstrak Daun Lancing (Solanum mauritianum Scop.) dengan Metode 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl

Abstract

Background: Lancing leaf (Solanum mauritianum Scop.) is trusted as a traditional medicine in North Sumatera. Several studies related to this plant show the presence of phenolic content, which is natural antioxidant that can counteract free radicals. Objective: This study aims to determine the differences in total phenol content and antioxidant activity of several lancing leaf extracts, including n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extract of lancing leaves. Method: This study was conducted experimentally, where the extraction of lancing leaves was carried out by maceration, determination of total phenol content using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and determination of antioxidant activity using the DPPH method by UV-Visible Spectrophotometry. Data analysis was performed using One Way ANOVA statistical test. Result: The average total phenol content of lancing leaf extracts from the highest in a row is ethanol extract at 28,4934±0,0070; ethyl acetate at 22,6661±0,0100; then n-hexane at 16,2284±0,0000 mg GAE/g. Antioxidant activity expressed in the average IC50 value successively from the best owned by ethanol extract with 132,0357±0,1256; ethyl acetate with 154,3971±0,0070; then n-hexane with 196,2726±0,1716 μg/mL. The statistical test results showed significant differences. Conclusion: Total phenol content and antioxidant activity of several lancing leaf extracts are different, where the highest total phenol content is found in ethanol extract and the best antioxidant activity is found in ethanol extract with moderate category. Keywords: Lancing Leaf, Different Solvents, Total Phenol Content, Antioxidant, DPPH