Dampak Implementasi Pengelolaan Perhutanan Sosial terhadap Perubahan Tutupan Lahan di Kabupaten Langkat Provinsi Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Social forestry is the government's effort to maintain and increase the sustainable use of forests. Residents' pressure to increase their income through land conversion and illegal logging is the main cause of mangrove destruction. There are five Social Forestry schemes, namely Village Forest (HD), Community Forest (HKm), People's Plantation Forest (HTR), Forestry Partnership (KK), and Customary Forest (HA). The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the implementation of social forestry management on land cover change and to determine the factors that cause an increase or decrease in the area of mangrove forests in the KTH area. Data collection was carried out by interviews, field observations and documentation. The data analysis technique was carried out by descriptive analysis and analysis of land cover changes to determine the changes in land cover before and after the existence of KTH. The results of the study show that with the existence of the Joint Advance Greening KTH, the area of mangrove forests increased by 1,085 ha with the planting of 672,700 seedlings in the 2018- 2023 period, LPHD Pasar Rawa experienced an increase in mangrove forest area by 35,966 ha with the planting of 403,000 seedlings in the 2019-2023 period and KTH Peduli Pesisir (HKm) experienced a decrease in mangrove forest area of 9.96 ha having planted 37,000 seedlings in the 2021-2023 period. The dominant species planted in each KTH are Rhizophora sp, Avicennia sp, and Nypa fruticans. The success factor in KTH Kehijauan Maju Bersama and LPHD Pasar Rawa is due to rehabilitation activities while the decrease in the mangrove area of KTH Peduli Pesisir is due to the replacement of the type of Mangrove Cingam (Scyphiphora hydrophylacea) which is considered less productive.