Efektivitas Chip Kitosan Yang Mengandung Ekstrak Daun Teh (Camellia sinensis) dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Bakteri Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (In Vitro)

Abstract

Periodontal disease is an infectious disease that attacks the gingiva and periodontal tissues. Periodontal disease can be divided into two, namely gingivitis and periodontitis. Periodontal disease is often an infection with microbial infection caused by biofilm, plaque, and calculus. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemscomitans) is periodontal pathogenic bacterium which is the etiologic factor of bacterial periodontitis. Scaling and root debridement (SRD) treatments cannot completely destroy plaque and calculus in deep periodontal pockets and hard to reach furcation areas, so antimicrobial agents are used as adjunctive treatment in treating periodontal disease. Chitosan is a natural cationic polysaccharide that has antimicrobial properties, chitosan has the potential for electrostatic binding showing great activity against gram-positive and gram-negative. The leaf (Camellia sinensis) is also a material that comes from nature which has a compound epigallocatechin galat (EGCG). EGCG is one of the most abundant polyphenols (catechins) in tea leaves and has a strong antibacterial effect. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of chitosan chips containing te leaf extract with concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 60% in inhibiting the growth of A. actinomycetemscomitans bacteria and to analyze the concentration of the leaf extract which had the strongest effectiveness in inhibiting the growth of A. actinomycetemscomitans in chitosan chips formulation containing tea leaf extract . This type of research is a laboratory experimental research with a posttest control group design. The sample in this study is the bacterium A. actinomycetemscomitans which was isolated, incubates, and cultured on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA). This research uses a modified Kirby-Bauer method. The results of this study showed that the inhibitory power of chitosan chips containing 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% green tea leaf extract against the growth of A. actinomycetemscomitans bacteria had moderate inhibitory activity (6-10 mm), and at a concentration of 50% and 60% had strong inhibitory (11-15 mm). The concentration of tea leaf extract which has the strongest effectiveness in inhibiting the growth of A. actinomycetemscomitans bacteria in the chitosan chip formulation containing 60% tea leaf extract. The conclusion in this study was that chitosan chips containing 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 60% tea leaf extract had moderate to strong effectiveness in inhibiting the growth of A. actinomycetemscomitans bacteria, but did not have greater effectiveness stronger that chitosan chips.