Efek Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) sebagai Alternatif Bahan Irigasi Saluran Akar terhadap Fusobacterium nucleatum (In Vitro)

Abstract

The success of root canal treatment generally depends on two factors: the elimination of bacteria from the root canal system and the prevention of reinfection. Fusobacterium nucleatum can be found in both primary and secondary root canal infections and is also responsible for the development of periapical lesions and endodontic flare-ups. The use of root canal irrigants is essential for eliminating and disinfecting microorganisms within the root canal. Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb., also known as pandan wangi, is a natural alternative irrigant containing antibacterial compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and polyphenols. This study is an experimental laboratory research with a post-test only control group design using Fusobacterium nucleatum as the sample. A total of 1 kg of pandan wangi leaves were extracted by maceration to obtain a concentrated extract. The extract was diluted with DMSO to concentrations of 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.125%, and 1.56%, with three replicates for each treatment group. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determined using the dilution method with 9 ml of BHIB medium, adding 0.9 ml of the test substance at each concentration, and 0.1 ml of bacterial suspension. The mixture was vortexed, incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, and colony counts were then performed. The results of this study showed that pandan wangi ethanol extract had an antibacterial effect against Fusobacterium nucleatum with a significance level of p = 0.001 (p < 0.05). The MIC value of pandan wangi extract against Fusobacterium nucleatum was found to be at a concentration of 6.25%, while the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was at 12.5%. The effect of 12.5% fragrant pandan leaves is the same as 2.5% NaOCl.