Analisis Distribusi Tegangan dan Persepsi Rasa Sakit pada Linggir Tajam dengan Ketebalan Acrylic Soft Denture Liner Gigi Tiruan Lengkap dan Arah Beban Pengunyahan yang Berbeda Menggunakan Finite Element Analysis

Abstract

Edentulous or loss teeth causes a loss of integrity in the function of the masticatory system which is also accompanied by a decrease in phonetic and aesthetic function, as well as loss of periodontal support. Complete dentures (GTL) is still the main choice to replace and restore this function. However, the use of GTL is often associated with failure rates and discomfort caused by alveolar bone resorption and loading patterns of mastication that change from tensile to compressive with axial and oblique mastication load directions. The knife-edge ridge or sharp ridge is one of the alveolar resorption in the mandible which often causes complaints because the sharp ridge has a narrow alveolar ridge and acts as a fulcrum point during mastication, resulting in denture instability and uneven stress distribution from the masticatory load. If this condition is not treated, it will cause further resorption of the remaining alveolar ridge and can cause the perception of pain that exceeds the pressure pain threshold (PPT). Treatment that can be done is to reline the GTL using acrylic soft denture liner (ASDL). This material has a cushion effect which can distribute the masticatory load evenly and can test in silico with finite element analysis. This study aims to analyze the distribution of stress and pain perception in sharp edges with different ASDL thicknesses and directions of masticatory load. The method used in this research is finite element analysis (FEA). The results show that complete dentures without using a soft denture liner (ASDL) from the axial and oblique directions have the highest stress distribution concentration value, when associated with pain perception the value exceeds the average pressure pain threshold (PPT) value (average PPT value 0.630 MPa). Meanwhile, the use of ASDL thicknesses of 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm in the axial direction shows the ability to absorb and distribute stress evenly with the highest concentration value not exceeding the average PPT value so that it does not cause the perception of pain. In the oblique direction, ASDL with a thickness of 1 mm shows the ability to absorb and distribute stress evenly with a concentration value that does not exceed the average PPT value so it does not cause the perception of pain. However, ASDL thicknesses of 2 mm and 3 mm in the oblique direction show the highest stress concentration values which are quite large and exceed the average PPT value, causing pain. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that the lowest value of the highest stress concentration is the use of 1 mm ASDL in the direction of axial and oblique masticatory loads, where the value is below the average pressure pain threshold (PPT) value (0.630 MPa) so that does not cause the perception of pain. The use of ASDL with a thickness of 1 mm is recommended for GTL with sharp edges to reduce pain perception due to masticatory pressure.