Uji Sitotoksisitas Pasta Polishing Bubuk Cangkang Kerang Darah (Anadara Granosa) Nano Partikel dengan Basis Pasta CMC-Na dan Karbomer terhadap Sel Fibroblas 3T3 (In Vitro)

Abstract

Background : Finishing and polishing of composite resin restorations can achieve optimal aesthetics, promote the health of oral soft tissues, and ensure good marginal integrity between the restoration and the original tooth. One potential polishing paste material is blood cockle shell (Anadara granosa), which contains calcium carbonate. Before its clinical use, it is necessary to assess the biocompatibility characteristics of the material. The study aims to determine the cytotoxicity of polishing paste made from blood cockle shell powder (Anadara granosa) nanoparticles with a CMC-Na and carbomer paste base against 3T3 fibroblast cells (in vitro). Materials and methods : Nine groups were formed consisting of polishing paste from blood cockle shell powder with CMC-Na and carbomer paste bases, as well as commercial paste, dissolved in DMEM culture media at ratios of 1:1 (1 g/ml), 1:2 (0.5 g/ml), and 1:4 (0.25 g/ml). Cytotoxicity testing was conducted by observing the viability of 3T3 fibroblast cells treated with the test solutions, followed by MTT solution, with absorbance readings taken using a microplate reader after incubation periods of 24 and 72 hours. The obtained data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA followed by Post Hoc LSD testing. Results : The One-way ANOVA test showed a significant difference in the viability of 3T3 fibroblast cells among all treatment groups at a dilution of 1:1 (concentration 1 g/ml) at 24 hours. However, there was no significant difference in the viability of 3T3 fibroblast cells at dilutions of 1:2 (concentration 0.5 g/ml) and 1:4 (concentration 0.25 g/ml) at 24 hours, and among all treatment groups at 72 hours. Conclusion : The polishing paste made from blood cockle shell powder nanoparticles with CMC-Na and carbomer bases is non-toxic to fibroblast cells over 24 hours. However, the CKD paste with a CMC-Na base is slightly toxic over 72 hours.