Analisis Distribusi Tegangan dan Pergeseran Gigi Tiruan Lengkap pada Linggir Flabby dengan Skema Oklusi dan Arah Beban Pengunyahan yang Berbeda Menggunakan Finite Element Analysis

Abstract

The prevalence of edentulous continues to increase in developing countries and this needs to be a concern because edentulous is irreversible and has impacts on patients such as reduced masticatory ability and impaired phonetic and aesthetic functions which leads to reduced quality of life. Rehabilitation of mastication in edentulous can be achieved by using dentures. Complete Dentures are generally acceptable because they restore masticatory function by providing occlusal support, allowing the patient to maintain normal phonetic processes and providing the desired aesthetics. However, the use of dentures is greatly influenced by several factors such as the condition of the ridge. Flabby ridge is a condition of the alveolar ridge that moves easily caused by bone replacement by fibrous tissue, which can cause uneven stress distribution and displacement of the denture, resulting in decreased stabilization and retention of the denture. Stabilization is achieved by a variety of selectable occlusion schemes. Choosing a bilateral balanced occlusion scheme is believed to provide a more natural appearance and good masticatory efficiency, but there is more possibility of interference during lateral movement. Efforts to reduce interference can be achieved by using other occlusion schemes such as lingualized and linear although this can affect the aesthetic appearance and masticatory ability. To be able to see how the phenomenon occurs in the mucosa of the flabby ridge under the denture with various occlusion schemes, the researchers carried out tests using finite element analysis (FEA) on the results of Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) of the flabby ridge of the maxilla with three denture, axial and oblique loads are applied, and then the stress distribution and displacement of the resulting denture can be assessed. The test results show that the bilateral balanced occlusion scheme produces greater stress and displacement values than the lingualized and linear occlusion schemes when receiving a load of 100 N directed axially. However, when the load is directed obliquely at 100 N, the lingualized occlusion scheme produces a greater displacement than other occlusion schemes. This study provides a more detailed description of the phenomenon on how the masticatory load is distributed under condition of flabby ridges under dentures with various occlusion schemes, hence the results of this research further strengthen the existing theoretical basis and also provide clinical implications regarding the selection of a linear occlusion scheme as the correct occlusion scheme. ideal for making dentures with flabby ridge conditions.