Efek Pemberian Nanopartikel Hidroksiapatit Cangkang Keong Unam (Volegalea cochlidium) terhadap Migrasi Sel Osteoblas (In Vitro)

Abstract

Background: Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease in the oral cavity caused by specific microorganisms and can cause progressive damage to the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Treatment to restore the structure and function of periodontal tissue in alveolar bone damage is by administering bone graft material. Hydroxyapatite is an inorganic component whose chemical and mineral structure is similar to bones and teeth that are widely found in nature such as fish scales, egg shells, snail shells and coral. Unam snails (Volegalea cochlidium) are a group of gastropods that have hard shells with high calcium carbonate content and can be used as a source of calcium in the synthesis of hydroxyapatite. Objective: To analyze the effect of administering hydroxyapatite nanoparticles from unam snail shells (Volegalea cochlidium) on osteoblas cell migration in vitro. Materials and Methods: Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles from unam snail shells were made using a combination of mechanicalchemical methods, namely ball mill and sol gel. Osteoblas cells were obtained from mouse calvaria cultured in α-MEM media. Osteoblas cell migration test was conducted using the scratch method and repeated 3 times. The distance of the scratch wound was observed and snapshot images were taken with an inverted mirror at several time intervals (24, 48 and 72 hours), data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA and Post Hoc LSD. Results: There was a significant difference in the effectiveness of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles from the unam snail shell (Volegalea cochlidium) in all treatment groups with the control group on osteoblas cell migration at observation times of 24, 48 and 72 hours, with the highest average percentage at observation time of 24 hours found in the treatment group with a concentration of 0.39 mg/mL (98.81%), 48 hours at a concentration of 0.78 mg/mL and 0.39 mg/mL (100%) and 72 hours at a concentration of 12.5 mg/mL, 6.25 mg/mL, 3.125 mg/mL, 1.56 mg/mL, 0.78 mg/mL and 0.39 mg/mL (100%). Conclusion: low concentration of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles from the unam snail shell (Volegalea cochlidium) increase osteoblas cell migration.