Pengaruh Scaling dan Root Planing terhadap Parameter Klinis dan Kadar Tumor Nekrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) Pasien Periodontitis dengan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2

Abstract

Background: Periodontitis and diabetes mellitus are chronic diseases that have a two-way relationship. Diabetes can double the risk of periodontitis while periodontitis can also worsen glycemic control. Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) is one of the mediators in periodontitis that works synergistically to amplify the inflammatory response and will increase in periodontitis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Periodontal scaling and root planing treatment can contribute to the improvement of glycemic control, clinical parameters and can reduce TNF-α levels. Objective: To analyze the differences in TNF-α levels, clinical parameters and fasting blood glucose levels before and after scaling and root planing in periodontitis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Pre and posttest experimental research with control group design with a total sample of 30 people (15 people in the treatment group with scaling and root planing and 15 people in the control group without scaling and root planing) selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Each group was examined for clinical parameters, fasting KGD and measurement of TNF-α levels at baseline and 2 weeks later. Results: There was a significant decrease in the clinical parameters of Oral Hygiene Index (OHI), Gingival Index (GI), Papillary Bleeding Index (PBI) and Poket Depth (KP), except Clinical Attacment Loss (CAL), fasting KGD and TNF-α levels in the treatment group. There was a strong positive correlation between TNF-α level reduction and clinical parameters except CAL in the treatment group. Conclusion: Scaling and root planing effectively reduce TNF-α levels, clinical parameters and fasting KGD in periodontitis patients with T2DM.