Efek Pemberian Nanopartikel Hidroksiapatit Cangkang Keong Unam (Volegalea cochlidium) terhadap Proliferasi Sel Osteoblas (In Vitro)

Abstract

Background: Periodontitis is an inflammation of the tooth-supporting tissues caused by infection with periodontal pathogenic bacteria and can cause progressive damage to the gingiva, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. Periodontal treatment to regenerate damaged bone structure by providing bone graft. One of the widely used synthetic bone graft materials is hydroxyapatite. Hydroxyapatite is an inorganic component whose chemical mineral content is similar to human bone. It is widely found in nature such as eggshells, cow bones, fish scales, coral, and conch shells. Unam conch (Volegalea cochlidium) is a group of gastropods with high levels of calcium carbonate so that it can be used as a source of calcium in hydroxyapatite synthesis. Objective: To analyze the best concentration of Unam snail shell hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on osteoblas cell proliferation assay by MTT Assay method. Methods: Preparation of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles from Unam snail shells using a combined mechanical-chemical method, namely ball mill and sol-gel. In an incubator, MC3T3-E1 osteoblas cells from mice calvaria were cultured in ᾳMEM media. Various concentrations were obtained through dilution with serial dilution, then the MTT Assay test was carried out to see the proliferation of osteoblas cells on the first, third, and fifth days. Repetition was done 3 times, then read with a microplate reader. Results: The concentration of Unam conch shell hydroxyapatite nanoparticles at 100 mg/mL as the maximum concentration has a significant difference in increasing osteoblas cell proliferation. Changes in osteoblas proliferation at that concentration increased until the fifth day. Conclusion: High concentrations of Unam conch shell hydroxyapatite nanoparticles showed increased proliferation of osteoblas cells.