Potensi Peningkatan Fenotipe Tanaman Kedelai ( Glycine max ( L.) Merr. ) Akibat Pemberian Kolkisin

Abstract

Glycine max (L.) Merr. is one of the important commodities in providing food, feed and industrial materials, so it has become the main commodity in agricultural development in Indonesia. The problem is that the demand for soybeans in Indonesia always increases every year, in line with population growth. This research aims to determine the degree of polyploidy and identify changes in the phenotypic character of the Dering 2 variety soybean plants as well as determine the response to growth and production of soybean plants using colchicine so as to obtain an effective colchicine concentration and soaking time. This research was conducted on Jalan Sembada, Medan Selayang District, Medan City, North Sumatra at an altitude of ±25 meters above sea level from May 2024 to August 2024. This research used the Randomized Block Design (RAK) method with 2 treatment factors and each treatment had 3 replications. . The first treatment factor is the soaking time which consists of 8 hours, 10 hours and 24 hours. The second treatment factor is colchicine concentration which consists of control, 0.01%, 0.02%, and 0.03%. The results showed that the long soaking treatment was significant in observing flowering age, harvest age, seed weight per planting, weight of 100 seeds, and stomata width. The best concentration treatment is 0.03% colchicine concentration (K3) because it produces high seed weight and high stomata width. The treatment of giving colchicine concentration significantly affected the observation of flowering age, harvest age, seed weight planted, and stomata width. The best long soaking time treatment is 12 hours (L3) because it produces heavy seeds per planting, weight of 100 seeds, high length and width of stomata.