Analisis Mikro Struktur dan Gugus Fungsional Kompos dan Biochar Berbahan Asal Kotoran Ayam

Abstract

The development of animal husbandry, especially poultry farming in Indonesia, is progressing. This is characterized by the number of poultry farms developed. The negative impact caused by chicken farming mainly comes from chicken manure waste. This problem causes a foul odor problem, which has a negative impact on the environment so that countermeasures need to be taken. One way that can be done is to utilize it into value-added products with applicable technology. Alternative technologies that can be applied and have positive prospects are converting chicken manure waste into compost and biochar.The advantages of compost and biochar can be observed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Disversive X-Ray (EDX), Brunauer Emmet Teller (BET), and Fourier Transform Infraread (FTIR). Composting was done using anaerobic method within 3 weeks. Biochar making using roasting technique was done by burning within 3 hours. The purpose of this research is to analyze the microstructure and functional groups found in chicken manure compost and chicken manure biochar. This analysis was carried out at the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) and at the Soil Biology Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra. The results obtained differences in characteristics between chicken manure compost and chicken manure biochar resulting from roasting techniques. In the results of pH analysis, the pH value of chicken manure compost is 6.7 and chicken manure biochar from roasting technique is 8.1. In the results of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis obtained morphological differences between the two. In the results of Energy Disversive X-Ray (EDX) analysis, the most nutrients were found in the biochar from the roasting technique. In the results of Brunauer Emmet Teller (BET) analysis, it was found that biochar has a surface area 3 times larger, namely 25.647 m² / g while in compost amounting to 7.807 m² / g, but compost has a larger pore size of 24.727 Å while in biochar amounting to 19.188Å. In the results of Fourier Transform Infraread (FTIR) analysis, it was found that biochar has 11 wave peaks with 7 functional groups and compost has 7 wave peaks with 6 functional groups.