Sintesis, Karakterisasi, dan Aplikasi Natrium Karboksimetilselulosa dari Alfa Selulosa Sabut Kelapa Muda (Cocos Nucifera L.) dengan Metode Hidrolisis Asam

Abstract

Background: Utilization of waste by young coconut coir (Cocos nucifera L.) which is still less optimized for maximum use. Young coconut coir have a high cellulose content of 42,6% which can be optimized into pharmaceutical raw materials, namely sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Objective: The research was conducted to synthesize and evaluate sodium carboxymethylcellulose from young coconut coir alpha cellulose produced by acid method isolation. Method: The research was conducted to synthesize and evaluate the method of isolating alpha cellulose which was carried out by pre-treatment process with varying concentrations (2,5%, 3,0%, 3,5%) of HNO3 then swelling process with 2% NaOH and 2% Na2SO3, bleaching process with 2% H2O2 and 10% H2O2 and the results obtained were purified with 17,5% NaOH to separate alpha-cellulose. The results of alpha-cellulose isolation were alkalized and carboxymethylated and then applied to pharmaceutical preparations, namely gels. Results: In the results of the isolation of young coconut fiber alpha cellulose, the highest yield was obtained in HNO3 3,5%, namely 12,37 ± 2,23% with the results of odorless, tasteless and white powder. The FT-IR results showed that HNO3 3,5% has a wave number match on the expected functional groups. SEM results obtained in the form of clear fibers microfibrils in accordance with commercial cellulose. The results of the synthesis of Na-CMC young coconut fiber produced a yield value of 11,23 ± 2,23%, the degree of substitution with a value of 0,2 swelling ratio value of 18,43 ± 5,85% In the results of the preparation of Na-CMC young coconut fiber gel obtained liquid preparation, yellowish white, not transparent and odorless, the viscosity results of Na-CMC young coconut fiber gel 118,25 ± 1,08 c.Pas compared to the use of commercial Na-CMC produced a viscosity of 19393 ± 106,7 c.Pas. Conclusion: Acid hydrolysis with HNO3 can isolate alpha cellulose from young coconut fiber (Cocos nucifera L.) but has not been able to produce effective raw materials in the process of synthesizing sodium carboxymethylcellulose. The results of the Na-CMC synthesis of young coconut fiber have not met the characteristics of a good pharmaceutical preparation. The resulting gel preparation has not met the characteristics and evaluation as a gel preparation.