Prototipe Sistem Penyiraman dan Monitoring Pembibitan Kelapa Sawit Berbasis Internet of Things pada Laboratorium

Abstract

This research aims to develop an automatic irrigation and monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) for oil palm seedling nurseries. Needs assessment indicates that oil palm nurseries require regular irrigation and monitoring of plant conditions to produce high-quality seedlings. IoT technology was selected as an effective solution to meet these needs. The system specifications include automatic irrigation twice a day, soil moisture monitoring, real-time data transmission through the MQTT protocol, and an information display on a monitoring website. The solution is designed using ESP32 hardware, soil moisture sensors, a multiplexer, ESP32-CAM, and the RTC DS3231 module, with MQTT as the communication protocol between the hardware and the monitoring website developed using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Testing shows that the system is capable of data transmission with an average packet loss of 22.83% on ESP32 and 39.33% on ESP32-CAM, with delay levels still meeting system requirements. The developed monitoring website provides real-time access to soil moisture data, relay status, and images. Based on these findings, it is recommended to improve Quality of Service (QoS) settings on the MQTT protocol, perform periodic network monitoring, and add additional features such as data analysis, manual control, real-time notifications, and weather detection to further enhance system efficiency and performance.