Life Cycle Assessment pada Industri Minyak Kelapa Sawit (Crude Palm Oil) di PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV Regional I Sei Silau

Abstract

Oil palm plants (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) are one of the leading commodities in Indonesia. Along with the high production of palm oil, environmental problems arise throughout the production process. The resources contained in production activities from the beginning until become palm oil and CPO products, both input and output, the impacts obtained during the production process need to be identified and recommendations for improvement are recommended. The appropriate method for determining environmental impacts is the LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) method with descriptive quantitative research methods, namely collecting data by ISO 14044, literature studies, and processing data with OpenLCA software version 2.3.0, SimaPro version 0.0.048 Developer, and Excel. PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV Regional I Sei Silau has a factory processing capacity of 60,000 kg FFB/hour so it is assumed that the plantation harvest yield is 7,920,000 kg FFB/harvest to meet the factory capacity for 22 hours. With a nursery planting area of 125.82 Ha and an area of replanting, immature plants, and mature plants of 12,229.48 Ha, a total energy input of 7,869,086,539 MJ is required and a total energy output of 10,017,740,036 MJ. Meanwhile, at the palm oil mill, from 60,000 kg of FFB/hour, 14,232 kg of CPO/hour is produced. It requires a total input energy of 693,084.89 MJ and a total output energy of 1,561,621.91 MJ. The highest emissions produced by the palm oil industry are human toxicity emissions. Suggestions for improvements that can be given to reduce environmental impacts include the use of biogas to become a biogas power plant.