Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Gangguan Fungsi Paru pada Driver Ojek Online di Kota Medan Tahun 2024

Abstract

The 2023 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) report shows that the global prevalence of COPD has reached 10.3%. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the top three causes of death worldwide and 90% of these deaths occur in low and middle mortality country. Disorders of lung function are influenced by several factors such as air pollution, history of illness, age, use of PPE, length of service, nutritional status and smoking habits. The aim of this research is to analyze the factors that influence lung function disorders in online motorcycle drivers in Medan City. This research is an observational study with a cross sectional research design. The location of this research was carried out in the city of Medan which was carried out from June to December 2024. The population in this research was all online motorcycle drivers in the city of Medan and the sampling technique used the Accidental Sampling technique with a total sample of 138 respondents. Data collection was carried out through measuring lung function using spirometry and interviews using questionnaire. The data analysis used was univariate, bivariate analysis using the Chi Square test and multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression. The results showed that there was an influence of age (p=0.001), length of service (p=0.020), length of work (p= 0.032), Body Mass Index (p=0.001) and smoking behavior (p=0.006) on decreased lung function. The most dominant factor influencing lung function disorders in online motorcycle drivers is age with an Exp value (β) 95.067 (95% CI 23.740-380.69) and the work period variable with an Exp value (β) 4.312 (95% CI 1.162-16.002). It is hoped that the Medan City Health Service can increase the role of health promotion related to lung health for at-risk workers such as online motorcycle drivers and increase supervision of regular motor vehicle emission tests to reduce air pollution in Medan City.