Analisis Kesesuaian Gambaran Radiologis Toraks dan Tumor Marker pada Pasien Tumor Mediastinum di RSUP Adam Malik Medan

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the suitability between chest X-ray and thoracic CT scan findings and the characteristics of tumor markers in mediastinal tumor patients at Adam Malik General Hospital Medan. Methods: This study was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The subjects of this study were 43 patients diagnosed with mediastinal tumors, with 41 patients having complete radiological data and 31 patients having tumor marker results. Data were taken from medical records of patients with mediastinal tumors at Adam Malik General Hospital Medan from 2020-2024. Results: The results showed that the average age of patients was 40.7 ± 15.5 years, with the majority of patients being male (76.7%). The dominant tumor location was found in the anterior mediastinum (76.7%). Mediastinal lymphoma was the most common tumor type (39.5%), followed by thymoma (37.2%). Based on tumor marker results, elevated LDH values were found in the majority of patients, while AFP and β-HCG were elevated in some cases of germ cell tumors. Radiologic features showed that two-position thoracic photographs identified mediastinal masses in 44.2% of patients, while thoracic CT-scans detected masses in 90.7% of patients. CT-scan findings included heterogeneous, cystic, encapsulated masses, calcification, necrosis, and invasion of surrounding tissues. Concordance analysis between CT-scan images and thoracic photographs showed significant results (p-value <0.001), supporting the accuracy of CT-scan as a primary diagnostic tool. Conclusion: This study concludes that there is concordance between thoracic CT scans and chest X-ray in patients with mediastinal tumors, with CT scans as the primary modality for evaluation of mediastinal tumors.