Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) Terhadap Jaringan Payudara Tikus (Rattus norvegicus L.) Setelah Diinduksi 7,12 Dimetilbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA)

Abstract

Moringa oleifera contains bioactive compounds that can be used as an alternative cancer treatment. This study aims to determine the effect of giving ethanol extract of moringa leaves on the breast tissue of rats induced by the carcinogenic compound 7,12 Dimethylbenz(α) anthracene (DMBA) in vivo by using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Twenty-four rats were randomly grouped into six treatments with four replications consisting of normal control (without any treatmen; negative control (only giving DMBA;positive control (giving DMBA plus Doxurubicin) and treatment by giving DMBA and ethanol extract of moringa leaveson different dosages namely P1, P2 and P3, each with a dose of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg BW. Observations parameters included, were the hematological observations the morphology of nodules or mammary tumors and histology of the mammary glands. The results of hematological observations show a significant effect on the blood profile. There is an increase in erythrocyte, hemoglobin and hematocrit levels in the treatment at a dose of 200 mg/kg BW. The results show total erythrocytes (5.88) x 1012/l, hemoglobin 11.87 g / dl and hematocrit 35.85%. The results of the observation of nodule morphology show significant differences in the weight and diameter of the nodules, where there was a significant difference between the negative control and the treatment of moringa leaf extract. The results of the measurement of the weight and diameter of the nodules decrease at a dose of 200 mg / kg BW with a weight of 1.59 g (normal 0.15 g) and a diameter of 1.2 cm (normal 0.5 cm). The results of histological observations of the intralobular ducts show that the administration of moringa leaf ethanol extract has a significant effect, with a duct diameter value of 1.591 µm (normal 1.105 µm). Administration at a dose of 200 mg / kg BW is the optimal dose as indicated by an increase in blood profile, a decrease in breast nodule weight and the lowest severity and tissue damage scores.