Pengaruh Sitokinin dan GA3 Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tunas In Vitro Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Abstract

Potatoes are one of the important food crops in the world and serve as a source of carbohydrates. However, the provision of quality potato seeds still faces various problems, especially related to pest and disease attacks. Tissue culture techniques are an alternative in the propagation of Granola Variety potatoes. This study aims to determine the effect of the type and concentration of cytokinin and gibberellic acid (GA3) on the growth of potato shoots (Solanum tuberosum L.) in vitro. The research was carried out at the Alifa Agricultural Research Center (ALIFA-ARC) Network Culture Laboratory in Medan, from October to December 2024. The method used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with two factorials. The first factor was cytokinin concentration (TDZ and BAP), and the second factor was GA3 concentration. The parameters observed included the percentage of live explants, the percentage of contaminated explants, the time of bud emergence, the number of shoots, the height of the shoots, and the number of roots. The results showed that the application of cytokinin and GA3 had no significant effect on the percentage of live explants, contamination, and bud height, but the application of cytokinin had a significant effect on the time of emergence of buds at the best treatment of S5 (BAP 1.5 mg/l). The interaction of cytokinin and GA3 had a significant effect on the number of shoots and the number of roots with the best treatments, namely S3G0 (TDZ 4.5 mg/l + GA3 0 mg/l) and S5G2 treatment (BAP 1.5 mg/l + GA3 0.3 mg/l).