Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Alih Fungsi Lahan Salak Menjadi Kelapa Sawit dan Dampaknya terhadap Pendapatan Usahatani Petani (Kasus: Desa Talun Kondot, Kabupaten Simalungun)

Abstract

Salak (Salacca zalacca) is a horticultural crop that grows well in tropical climates. One area where salak is widely cultivated is Desa Talun Kondot, Kec. Panombean Panei, Kab. Simalungun, North Sumatra. In 2018, salak farming became less attractive to farmers in the village, prompting them to convert their land into smallholder oil palm plantations. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the conversion of salak land into oil palm plantations and compare farmers' income before and after the conversion. The suspected factors include salak farming income in 2017, salak productivity in 2017, total land area owned, damage to salak plants caused by monkey pests, and exposure to oil palm-related issues. The analysis uses Multiple Linear Regression to identify the factors affecting land conversion and descriptive statistics to compare farmers' income. Data were collected through field interviews using questionnaires.

The results show that salak farming income, productivity, total land area, damage from monkey pests, and exposure to oil palm issues significantly influence the extent of land conversion. Additionally, oil palm farming offers higher long term income potential compared to salak farming.