Analisis Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) Dan Kadmium (Cd) pada Daging Ikan Kedukang (Hexanematichthys Sagor) di Muara Sungai Percut Kabupaten Deli Serdang Provinsi Sumatera Utara

Abstract

The Percut River is an area widely used by the community for various activities such as bathing, washing, disposing of waste, as well as as a transportation route and fishing location. This activity has potentially to pollute the waters with heavy metals that can accumulate in the bodies of fish and give an impact on the health of humans who consume them. This study analyzed the heavy metal levels of Pb and Cd in the water and meat of Kedukang Fish (Hexanematichthys sagor) at the Percut River location and compared the value of heavy metal concentrations of Pb and Cd in water and in the meat of Kedukang Fish (Hexanematichthys sagor) with the applicable quality standards. The research was conducted using the "Purposive Sampling" method at three different stations based on environmental activity conditions: Station 1 (river estuary), Station 2 (around the Fish Auction Place/TPI), and Station 3 (around the residents' plantation area). Sampling was carried out from December 2024 to January 2025. Fish samples were obtained by fishing method and analyzed for heavy metal content in the laboratory using the Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (AES) method. In addition, the physico-chemical parameters of the water were also measured, namely temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen requirement (BOD₅), light intensity and penetration, current velocity, salinity, nitrates, and phosphates. The results of the study show that the levels of heavy metals Pb and Cd in both Kedukang fish meat and river water at the three stations are still below the maximum limit of pollution according to SNI 7387:2009 and the Decree of the Minister of State for Environment No. 51 of 2004. Pb levels in fish meat at all stations are recorded at 0.000005 mg/Kg, far below the maximum limit of 0.3 mg/Kg. Meanwhile, Cd levels varied, namely 0.000005 mg/Kg at station 1, 0.013814 mg/Kg at station 2, and 0.001413 mg/Kg at station 3, all of which are still below the threshold of 0.1 mg/Kg. Pb and Cd levels in water also do not exceed the quality standard.