Pengaruh Konsentrasi Auksin dan Sitokinin terhadap Kultur Kalus Edamame (Glycine Max (L.) Merrill)

Abstract

This study aims to analyse the effect of auxin (Naphthaleneacetic Acid/NAA) and cytokinin (Benzyl Amino Purine/BAP) concentrations on the induction and growth of edamame (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) callus culture. Callus culture is one of the important techniques in plant biotechnology that plays a role in plant regeneration and the production of secondary metabolites. This study used a completely randomised design (CRD) with two treatment factors, namely NAA concentration (0 ppm, 2 ppm, and 4 ppm) and BAP concentration (0 ppm, 2 ppm, and 4 ppm), with each treatment repeated three times. The results showed that the combination of NAA and BAP significantly affected the percentage of explants that formed callus, callus weight, texture, and callus colour. NAA treatment of 2 ppm and 4 ppm produced the highest percentage of callus formation (100%), while without NAA only reached 72.22%. The highest callus weight (0.56 grams) was obtained in the combination of NAA 2 ppm with BAP 2 ppm, although statistically not significantly different from the other treatments. The texture of the callus formed varied between crumbly and compact, where the combination of NAA and BAP at higher concentrations tended to produce compact callus. The dominant callus colours were green and greenish white, with BAP treatments of 2 ppm and 4 ppm tending to produce more physiologically active green callus.