Analisis Faktor Risiko Kejadian Diabetes Melitus pada Penderita Tuberkulosis Paru di RS Prof. dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis USU

Abstract

Diabetes melitus (DM) and tuberculosis (TB) are major global health concerns with a bidirectional relationship that exacerbates clinical outcomes. Indonesia faces a high prevalence of both diseases; however, specific risk factors contributing to the incidence of type 2 DM among pulmonary TB patients remain underexplored, particularly in North Sumatra. This study aims to identify risk factors associated with type 2 DM in patients with pulmonary TB treated at Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Hospital, Universitas Sumatera Utara. A retrospective case-control study was conducted involving 80 participants, comprising 40 pulmonary TB patients with type 2 DM and 40 without DM. Data were obtained from electronic medical records and analyzed using Chi-square tests, Fisher’s Exact Test, and multivariate logistic regression. Educational level (OR = 5.001; p = 0.027), occupational status (OR = 3.500; p = 0.038), and nutritional status based on body mass index (OR = 3.498; p = 0.017) were significantly associated with the incidence of type 2 DM in pulmonary TB patients. No significant associations were found for age, gender, radiographic findings, or smoking habits. Higher educational level, employment in the private sector, and having a normal to overweight BMI are key risk factors for type 2 DM among pulmonary TB patients. These findings highlight the need for targeted screening strategies and integrated disease management approaches to address the dual burden of TB and DM in Indonesia.