Analisis Faktor Internal dan Eksternal Terhadap Profitabilitas pada Perusahaan Perbankan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2019-2023

Abstract

This study was conducted to analyze the influence of internal and external factors on profitability in banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2023. This study uses the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Non-Performing Loan (NPL), and Operating Expense to Operating Income (BOPO) as internal factors. Meanwhile, the BI-Rate and Exchange Rate are used as external factors, with Return on Asset (ROA) as the profitability indicator. The method used in this study is panel data regression with a quantitative approach. The data comes from annual financial reports and macroeconomics data published by Bank Indonesia and the Financial Services Authority. The analysis conducted based on the KBMI (Bank Group Based on Core Capital) group is also included in this study. The purpose of this analysis is to identify differences between bank scales. The result of the study indicates that, partially, the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) has a positive effect on profitability, while the Operating Expense to Operating Income (BOPO) has a negative effect on profitability. Meanwhile, Non-Performing Loan (NPL,) BI-Rate, and Exchange Rate do not have a significant effect on bank profitability. Meanwhile the simultaneous results of the study indicate that the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Non-Performing Loan (NPL), Operating Expense to Operating Income (BOPO), BI-rate, and Exchange Rate have a significant effect on the profitability of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.