Analisis Keanekaragaman Ikan Di Sekitar Keramba dan Non Keramba Jaring Apung Di Danau Toba, Kecamatan Pangururan, Kabupaten Samosir, Sumatera Utara

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the diversity of fish species and environmental factors that affect on fish at different ecosystems. The diversity of fish at of floating (KJA) and non- floating net in Toba Lake, Pangururan District, Samosir Regency, North Sumatra. The research was conducted using floating net at Pintu Sona Village,and Lumban Suhi- Suhi Village (area with no community activities), and Harbor at Pardomuan I Onan Baru Village. The sampling method used a gill net. The parameter such as water physico-chemical parameter, temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen, Biological Oxygen Demand, nitrate, phosphate, light intensity, and light penetration were also determined. The results showed that based on Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') and uniformity index (E) between the three stations showed that station 2 (area with no community activities) has the highest diversity of fishes (H' = 1.441; E = 0.804), followed by station 1 (area of floating net) (H' = 1.337; E = 0.746), and station 3 (area of harbor) has the lowest diversity (H' = 1.058; E = 0.590). The diversity of fish species in the area with no human activity has fish stable and evenly distributed fish communities. The dominance fish species such as Oreochromis niloticus and Amphilophus citrinellus in the floating net and fish at harbor area indicates ecological pressure. Based on this study confirmed that fish activities at floating net and harbors have potential to reduce fish diversity.