Pengaruh Konfigurasi Grid dan Tahanan Jenis Tanah pada Karakteristik Impuls Transient Pentanahan Gardu Induk

Abstract

The effect of grounding transients in the substation is very important for the safety of the equipment therein. The function of the grounding system is to avoid further effects due to lightning surges which can damage other equipment. The commonly used form of grounding system is a grid grounding system. If a lightning surge disturbance enters one of the terminals of the grid grounding system, the lightning surge wave flows to all parts of the grounding system, before finally the lightning surge current flows into the ground. The problem studied is the influence of the rectangular shape of the substation grounding caused by lightning strikes. This research uses the help of computer-based software, namely ATP-EMTP (Alternative Transient Program of the Electro Magnetic Transient Program) version 7.2. This research examines the effect of GPR (ground potential rise), touch voltage and actual step voltage due to the influence of the distance between conductors and the injection current of lightning strikes on a grid grounding system using rods. The calculation of the distance between conductors used is 5 m, 7 m, 9 m, and 13 m and variations in the depth of embedding the conductor rods are 0.5 m, 0.7 m, 1.3 m, and 1.5 m, injection current lightning strikes of 25 kA, 50 kA, 75 kA and 100 kA. From the results obtained, the distance between conductors and variations in the depth of embedding of conductor rods against the injection current of lightning strikes, there is an increase in the maximum voltage value at a depth of between 0.5 and 0.7 meters with a distance between conductors of 5 meters and 7 meters in a grounding system using rods and The distance between conductors and variations in the depth of embedding conductor rods against the injection current of lightning strikes, there is an increase in the maximum voltage value occurring at a depth of embedding conductors between 0.7 meters and 1.5 meters with a distance between conductors of 7 meters and 13 meters in a grounding system without using rods. . The influence of the distance between conductors and variations in the depth of embedding of the conductor rods with the injection current of lightning strikes can influence the maximum voltage value that arises. The greater the distance and depth as well as the injection current used, the greater the maximum voltage value that arises,both in the grounding system using rods or without using rods.