Formulasi dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Kemasan Lapis Alami Kitosan Alginat dengan Penambahan Ekstrak Makroalga Cokelat (Turbinaria Sp.)

Abstract

Natural coated packaging is an environmentally friendly packaging from natural biopolymers such as chitosan and alginate, plus active compounds from brown macroalgae Turbinaria sp., becoming an alternative environmentally friendly solution. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity and the best formulation of chitosan-alginate natural coated packaging with varying concentrations of Turbinaria sp. extract (0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%) against Staphylococcus aureus and Aeromonas sp. The research was conducted in August-November 2024. Turbinaria sp. samples were collected by purposive sampling from Pulo Pane Beach, North Sumatra. Extraction was carried out by maceration using 96% ethanol, then tested for phytochemicals and formulated in packaging. The antibacterial activity test was conducted using the zone of inhibition method and analysed using ANOVA and Duncan's test. The results of phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, terpenoid, and steroid compounds. The highest inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus was 18.36 mm and against Aeromonas sp. was 18.30 mm at a concentration of 1.5%, with a very strong category. ANOVA test results showed significant differences between treatments (p < 0.01). Natural chitosan-alginate coated packaging with the addition of 1.5% Turbinaria sp. extract has strong antibacterial activity, and has potential as an environmentally friendly natural preservative for fish products.