Hubungan Nutrien Amonia (NH3), Nitrat (NO3) Dan Fosfat (PO4) Terhadap Keanekaragaman Fitoplankton di Sungai Belawan

Abstract

Sungai Belawan is one of the rivers located in Deli Serdang Regency and Medan City, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The diversity of phytoplankton and the nutrient content of ammonia, phosphate, and nitrate affect the water quality in the Belawan River. Community activities also result in a decline in water quality, such as waste disposal, domestic waste, and factory waste. This research aims to analyze the diversity of phytoplankton, analyze the content of ammonia, phosphate, and nitrate, and analyze the physico-chemical factors affecting the diversity of phytoplankton in the Belawan River. This research used the "Purposive Sampling" method with 3 stations, starting from the upstream area in Salam Tani village, in Kampung Lalang village, and the downstream area in Sicanang Belawan village. Data analysis includes the identification of phytoplankton, ammonia, phosphate, and nitrate content, phytoplankton abundance, relative abundance, frequency of occurrence, diversity index, evenness index, and correlation analysis of ammonia, phosphate, and nitrate content. In the water samples, the levels of ammonia, phosphate, and nitrate, as well as the physico-chemical factors of the river water, were measured. The ammonia content obtained from 3 stations was around 0.18-0.354 mg/l, the phosphate content was around 0.29-0.380 mg/l, and the nitrate content was around 0.6-3.3 mg/l. The number of phytoplankton found from 3 stations was 25 genera. The abundance value ranges from 33.6-48 mg/l, with the highest being at station 3. The highest value of the diversity index (H’) was obtained at station 1, which is 2.45 with moderate diversity. The highest uniformity index (E) value was obtained at station 1, which is 0.76, indicating high uniformity.