Respons Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Dua Varietas Padi Gogo (Oryza sativa L.) dengan Perbedaan Taraf Kadar Air Tanah

Abstract

The development of upland rice is one of the strategic steps to support and increase rice production nationally. A common problem encountered to increase upland rice productivity is that the source of water depends only on rainfall. Severe and prolonged water shortage causes plants to experience drought stress. Each plant variety responds to the level of soil water content. This research tries to study the vegetative growth response of upland rice at different levels of soil moisture content. Observations of these responses include anatomical, morphological, and physiological changes. This research aims to study the growth response of two upland rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) to different levels of soil moisture content. This research was conducted in Greenhouse Experimental Field, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra at an altitude of ± 32 m above sea level, from December 2023 to January 2024. This study used a factorial Randomized Group Design (RAK) method with 2 treatment factors. The first factor is the variety with 2 levels, namely Sertani and Trisakti varieties. Then the second factor is the intensity of drought stress with 3 levels, namely soil moisture content of 40% field capacity, soil moisture content of 60% field capacity, soil moisture content of 80% field capacity. The results showed that the decrease in soil moisture content did not provide differences in response between Sertani and Trisakti varieties on the anatomy, mophology and physiology of upland rice plants. A decrease in soil moisture content from 80% to 40% of field capacity will reduce the morphology of rice plants (plant height, number of leaves, root volume, wet weight of plants and roots, dry weight of plants and roots), as well as the anatomy of rice plants (leaf area, leaf greenness, leaf thickness, length and width of leaf bullifoorm cells, cuticle, stem epidermis, length and width of stomata and stomatal density). A decrease in soil moisture content from 80% to 40% will increase the root length of rice plants. The interaction between different soil moisture content treatments with two rice varieties will reduce plant height.