Pengembangan Model Handling Pelabuhan untuk Mendukung Sistem Cross Docking

Abstract

This study examines the development of a port handling model to support a cross-docking system in the context of logistics distribution in the Indonesian archipelago. With complex geographical challenges, high logistics costs, and limited infrastructure, distribution efficiency is the main key to driving economic growth and equitable national development. The cross-docking approach was chosen because of its ability to reduce storage time, accelerate the flow of goods, and significantly reduce distribution costs. The model developed in this study integrates the flow of goods, information, and money in one adaptive and efficient logistics system, and considers important variables such as fixed ship schedules, goods characteristics, port facility capacity, and geographical conditions. The research methodology is carried out through a multi-level conceptual modeling approach (strategic, tactical, and operational), as well as discrete event simulation. Model validation is carried out using the Aiken's V method through five experts, and tested through variance tests, sensitivity tests, and scenarios. The simulation results show that the developed model is able to reduce dwelling time, increase distribution route efficiency, and optimize the utilization of port facilities. The case study in Batu Ampar Port, Batam, proves that this model can be replicated in other large ports with similar characteristics such as Belawan, Makassar, Tanjung Perak, and Tanjung Priok. This research provides an important contribution to the development of maritime logistics/archipelagic distribution theory and practice, as well as being a strategic recommendation for the government and policy makers to redesign the national distribution system to be more efficient, sustainable, and adaptive to the conditions of the Indonesian archipelago.