Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanol Bawang Hitam Tunggal (Allium sativum L. var. solo garlic) Terhadap Respon Koordinasi Motorik Tikus Yang Diinduksi Paraquat

Abstract

Background: Solo black garlic is a fermented product of single clove garlic, known to enhance bioactive compounds. Previous research suggests this enhancement has neuroprotective potential, including in motor coordination disorders caused by paraquat, a herbicide that can induce oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and altered dopamine levels in the brain. Objective: To determine the effect of solo black garlic ethanol extract (EEBHT) on motor coordination response in paraquat-induced rats using the rotarod performance test. Method: Twenty-five male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: negative control (Na-CMC 0.5%), positive control (Pramipexole 0.05 mg/kg BW), and EEBHT (50, 100, 200 mg/kg BW). The preparations were administered daily for 3 weeks, with paraquat induction (7 mg/kg BW) twice a week. Motor coordination was assessed using the rotarod. Results: The percentage increase in motor coordination response for the negative control, positive control, and EEBHT at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg BW were -78.84 ± 3.18; 63.87 ± 8.12; 21.90 ± 4.29; 43.42 ± 2.70; 60.09 ± 6.44, respectively. Data were normally distributed and homogeneous. ANOVA showed a significant difference (p < 0.05). Post-hoc analysis revealed that all EEBHT doses were significantly different from the negative control. EEBHT 50 and 100 mg/kg BW were significantly different from the positive control, but EEBHT 200 mg/kg BW was not. Conclusion: EEBHT at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg BW can improve motor coordination response in paraquat-induced rats using the rotarod performance test, with 200 mg/kg BW showing the most effective effect.