Peran Ukuran Bank dalam Memoderasi dampak Diversifikasi Portofolio Kredit terhadap Profitabilitas Bank di ASEAN

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of credit portfolio diversification on bank profitability in ASEAN, as well as to evaluate the moderating role of bank size. The data covers 56 publicly listed banks from six ASEAN countries over the period 2017–2023. Diversification is measured using the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), profitability is proxied by Return on Assets (ROA), and bank size is represented by the logarithm of total assets. The analysis is conducted using a random effects regression model selected through the Hausman test. The results show that credit portfolio diversification has a positive and significant effect on bank profitability. However, bank size negatively moderates this relationship, indicating that the effectiveness of diversification tends to decrease in larger banks. Meanwhile, control variables such as capital and economic growth have a significant positive effect, whereas credit risk, inflation, liquidity, and state ownership show no significant impact. These findings highlight the importance of tailoring credit diversification strategies according to each bank’s scale and characteristics.