Prarancangan Pabrik Pembuatan Metanol dari H2 dan CO2 melalui Hidrogenasi CO2 dengan Kapasitas 200.000 Ton/Tahun

Abstract

Methanol is an important intermediate compound in the synthesis of various chemicals such as dimethyl ether, formaldehyde, methyl tertiary-butyl ether, and acetic acid. In addition, methanol holds great potential as an alternative fuel to replace gasoline due to its excellent combustion characteristics and minimal environmental impact. In this preliminary design, methanol is produced through the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO₂) using hydrogen gas (H₂). The reaction takes place in the gas phase at a temperature of 250 °C and a pressure of 50 atm inside a fixed bed reactor with a CuO/ZnO/Al₂O₃ catalyst. The methanol plant is designed with a production capacity of 200,000 tons per year and operates 330 days annually. The proposed site is located in Kesugihan District, Cilacap Regency, Central Java, requiring a land area of 36,327 m² and employing 231 workers. The selected business entity is a Limited Liability Company (Perseroan Terbatas/PT) with a line and staff organizational structure. Based on the economic analysis, the total investment capital required amounts to IDR 3,735,560,517,125.75, with an annual production cost of IDR 3,158,713,082,031.41 and annual product sales revenue of IDR 5,003,152,758,663.83. The net profit reaches IDR 1,284,707,234,774.48 per year, resulting in a profit margin of 36.681%. The feasibility analysis shows a Break Even Point (BEP) of 31.563%, Return on Investment (ROI) of 34.391%, Pay Out Time (POT) of 2.908 years, Return on Network (RON) of 34.391%, and an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 26.45%. Based on these figures, it can be concluded that this methanol plant is economically attractive and feasible for further study.