Uji Efektivitas Nanoherbal Daun Gagatan Harimau (Paraboea leuserensis B.L Burtt) terhadap Histologi Pankreas pada Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus L.) Jantan yang Diinduksi Doksorubisin

Abstract

Doxorubicin is a chemotherapeutic drug known for its cytotoxic effects on normal tissues, including the pancreas, where it induces oxidative stress and β-cell necrosis in the islets of Langerhans, disrupting insulin secretion and increasing the risk of hyperglycemia. One of the herbal plants with potential cytoprotective properties is Paraboea leuserensis B.L.Burtt (gagatan harimau), which contains secondary metabolites such as flavonoids and tannins that act as antioxidants and can repair damaged tissues through nanometer-scale biological mechanisms. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of nanoherbal Paraboea leuserensis B.L.Burtt leaves on the morphology and histology of the pancreas in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) induced with doxorubicin. The study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatment groups and six replications: (1) negative control (K-; normal rats), (2) positive control (K+; rats induced with doxorubicin 0.0019 mg/kgBW), (3) P1 (doxorubicin + nanoherbal 125 mg/kgBW), and (4) P2 (doxorubicin + nanoherbal 150 mg/kgBW). The results showed that nanoherbal treatment at 150 mg/kgBW significantly improved pancreatic morphology (organ coloration) and histology (islet of Langerhans area and reduction of necrotic cells) (p<0.05), based on Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining. Nanoherbal Paraboea leuserensis B.L.Burtt proved effective in protecting and restoring pancreatic tissue damaged by chemotherapy induction.