Tinjauan terhadap Komposit Mortar ECC-Kerikil Aspal Porous Berbasis Styrofoam, Crumb Rubber dan CR-Styrofoam Berdasarkan Uji Impact dan Tahan Api

Abstract

Road pavements in Indonesia are prone to cracking, deformation, and reduced durability due to heavy loads and extreme temperatures. This study aims to evaluate the impact strength and fire resistance of Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) mortar based on fly ash and palm shell ash, using porous asphalt gravel and modified with styrofoam, crumb rubber, and their combination. Cube specimens measuring 15×15×15 cm were tested at 3 and 7 days of age. Impact test results show that specimens at 7 days exhibited lower deformation. The indentation diameter and depth for IMAR-3 (without additives) reached 44.3 mm and 4.4 mm, while for IMACR-3 (with crumb rubber), they were only 36.8 mm and 3.0 mm. The addition of crumb rubber provided higher energy absorption capacity compared to other variations. Fire resistance tests showed a gradual temperature increase from observation I (±1 minute) to IX (±17 minutes), with HMAR-3 recording temperatures from 212.6 °C to 405.0 °C. The 7-day specimens recorded lower temperatures than those at 3 days. At the ninth observation point, the surface temperature was lowest in the non-additive composite (28.7 °C), followed by styrofoam (29.5 °C), crumb rubber (33.7 °C), and the combined mixture (35.7 °C). Styrofoam and crumb rubber are flammable materials and were not effective as thermal insulators within the composite mixture.