Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Tuberkulosis (TB) Laten pada Orang yang Kontak Serumah dengan Penderita Tuberkulosis (TB) Sensitif Obat di Medan

Abstract

Background: Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) has the potential to develop into active TB. Therefore, appropriate diagnosis and management are essential, especially in high-risk populations such as individuals who are in household contact with active TB patients. Objectives: To analyze the factors associated with pulmonary tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in household contacts with drug-sensitive tuberculosis patients in Medan Methods: This research is an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design conducted in several health facilities in Medan for 12 months. This study included 105 household contacts from 67 index cases who were diagnosed with drug-sensitive TB, confirmed by Xpert MTB/RIF examination. Statistical analysis used the Chi-Square test, followed by multivariate analysis of variables. Logistic regression analysis was also carried out using the enter method. All statistical tests with a p-value <0.05 were considered significant. Results: Among 105 household contacts with drug-sensitive TB patient, 31 people (29.6%) had latent TB infection, and 11 people (10.4%) had pulmonary TB infection. The logistic regression analysis found that the variable associated with pulmonary TB was male gender (OR 3.927; CI 95% 1.093-14.114; p=0.036). In household contacts with TB patients, no statistically significant risk factors associated with latent TB infection were found (p>0.05). Conclusion: In household contacts with drug-sensitive TB patients, men are 4.863 times more at risk of experiencing pulmonary TB than women. However, no significant risk factors for latent TB infection were found.