Pengaruh Makanan yang Mengandung Flavonoid Terhadap Biomarker Kesehatan Kardiovaskular: Studi Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease is one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases. Current therapeutic approaches have several limitations, highlighting the need for safer and more efficient alternative therapies. Flavonoids are known to have potential in the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases. However, there is variability in research findings regarding the effects of flavonoids on cardiovascular health biomarkers, necessitating a systematic review to assess the relevance and quality of the evidence and to address uncertainties in existing studies. Objective: This systematic review aims to analyze whether the consumption of flavonoid-containing food affects cardiovascular health biomarkers in adults by providing a comprehensive analysis of several randomized controlled trials. Methods: This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. A systematic literature search was performed using several databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, and ProQuest. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 website. A total of 17 studies that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed based on cardiovascular health parameters, namely systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Results: This systematic review demonstrated that the consumption of flavonoid-containing food significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure and improved flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Conclusion: The consumption of flavonoid-containing food significantly improves cardiovascular health biomarkers, including blood pressure and flow-mediated dilation (FMD). These findings suggest that flavonoids have the potential to prevent and manage cardiovascular disease in adults.