Efek Antikanker Ekstrak Etanol, Fraksi n-Heksan dan Etil Asetat Daun Pirdot (Saurauia vulcani Korth.) pada Sel Kanker Payudara 4T1

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that appears in breast tissue, both in the epithelium of the ducts and lobules. Various therapeutic methods have been developed, one of which is chemotherapy. However, chemotherapy often causes adverse effects because it also damages the body's normal cells. Therefore, many researchers are trying to find alternative treatments that can minimize these side effects, including by utilizing natural anticancer compounds from plants. One plant that has cytotoxic potential against cancer cells is pirdot leaves (Saurauia vulcani Korth.). Objective: This study aims to determine the potential of ethanol extracts, n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions of pirdot leaves as anticancer in 4T1 breast cancer cells. Methods: Pirdot leaves were extracted by maceration using 96% ethanol followed by multistage fractionation using n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvents. Identification of secondary metabolites in ethanol extract of pirdot leaves with LC-HRMS test. Cytotoxic test with MTT method with concentrations of 800 ppm, 400 ppm, 200 ppm, 100 ppm, 50 ppm, 25 ppm, 12.5 ppm to obtain IC50 value. Results: In ethanol extract, 3 secondary metabolites were obtained with the highest amount of oleanolic acid, hederagenin and betulinicaldehyde which have the potential as anticancer. Cytotoxic tests of ethanol extracts, n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions of pirdot leaves against 4T1 breast cancer cells showed % cell viability above 50%. Conclusion: Ethanol extract, n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions of pirdot (Saurauia vulcani Korth.) leaves do not have cytotoxic potential against 4T1 breast cancer cells.