| dc.description.abstract | Indonesia’s reliance on fossil energy, which accounts for over 80 % of the national energy mix, risks triggering an energy crisis and perpetually increasing subsidy burdens. To address this, the government has set a target of 23 % renewable energy in the national mix by 2025. Meanwhile, the education sector is also affected, as exemplified by the Digital Learning Center Building (DLCB), which consumes 905,194 kWh annually at a cost of IDR 714,684,603. This study analyzes the implementation of a Hybrid Renewable Energy System (HRES) integrated with the PLN grid from technical, economic, and peak-load-shaving perspectives. Technically, a 327 kWp PV array (448 modules) generates 379,070 kWh/year, while the wind turbine contributes only 31 kWh. The hybrid configuration comprising PV, wind, inverter, battery, and grid reduces grid consumption to 526,093 kWh and lowers the electricity bill to IDR 415,613,470, yielding annual savings of 379,101 kWh and IDR 299,489,790. Economically, the Life Cycle Cost (LCC) of IDR 3,860,478,200 increases to IDR 4,076,369,021 when discount and inflation rates are applied; the Cost of Energy (COE) rises from IDR 790 to IDR 965.14 per kWh, and the Payback Period (PBP) extends from 12.65 to 17.96 years. During peak demand, the HRES supplies 511.5 kWh of the 517 kWh required. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of HRES in reducing fossil-energy dependence and promoting a sustainable energy transition. | en_US |
