Model Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Inklusif dalam Rangka Percepatan Pengembangan Wilayah di Kota Tanjungbalai Provinsi Sumatera Utara

Abstract

This study develops a Bottom-Up Inclusive Growth Model to examine the structural pathways linking participatory planning, inclusive economic growth, and regional development in peripheral coastal cities of post-decentralized Indonesia. Using the case of Tanjung Balai, the research investigates whether citizen participation in planning processes significantly contributes to equitable economic and spatial outcomes in marginalized urban areas. Employing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the study analyzes data from stakeholder surveys and secondary development indicators. Results show that participatory planning has a direct and significant effect on inclusive growth (β = 0.614) and regional development (β = 0.390), with inclusive growth also mediating the relationship (β = 0.422). The model exhibits robust explanatory power (R² = 0.378–0.532) and predictive relevance (Q² = 0.235–0.357). The findings offer a replicable framework for enhancing planning effectiveness in coastal regions, providing empirical support for integrating participatory governance into inclusive development agendas. The model is applicable for policy alignment with SDGs 1, 10, and 11, particularly in resource-constrained and spatially disadvantaged settings.